abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) originate from stemloop-forming precursor RNAs found in longer primary transcripts that often contain introns. We show that in plants, those introns, when located 3' of the stemloop, can promote mature miRNA accumulation, through a mechanism that likely operates at the level of miRNA processing or s...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Schwab R,Speth C,Laubinger S,Voinnet O

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The EMBO conference 'From Structure to Function of Translocation Machines' took place in April 2013 in Dubrovnik, Croatia. The meeting brought together a mix of established and aspiring researchers to discuss a wealth of unpublished data and ideas in a lively scientific programme of talks designed to shatter the estab...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Lithgow T,Waksman G

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms that guide directional migration of neuroblasts from the subventricular zone (SVZ) are not well understood. We report here that endogenous electric currents serve as a guidance cue for neuroblast migration. We identify the existence of naturally occurring electric currents (1.5±0.6 μA/cm(2), average field s...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Cao L,Wei D,Reid B,Zhao S,Pu J,Pan T,Yamoah E,Zhao M

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:β-arrestin 1 and 2 (also known as arrestin 2 and 3) are homologous adaptor proteins that regulate seven-transmembrane receptor trafficking and signalling. Other proteins with predicted 'arrestin-like' structural domains but lacking sequence homology have been indicated to function like β-arrestin in receptor regulatio...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Han SO,Kommaddi RP,Shenoy SK

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Around 100 researchers gathered at the eighteenth EMBO Conference on 'The Molecular and Developmental Biology of Drosophila', which took place in Crete in June 2012. Whether deconstructing or integrating at the genetic, cellular or organ level, the talks highlighted the synergy of combining methods, approaches and dis...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Miguel-Aliaga I,Oliver B,Teleman AA

更新日期：2012-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:LeuT serves as the model protein for understanding the relationships between structure, mechanism and pharmacology in neurotransmitter sodium symporters (NSSs). At the present time, however, there is a vigorous debate over whether there is a single high-affinity substrate site (S1) located at the original, crystallogr...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Wang H,Gouaux E

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aurora B localization to mitotic centromeres, which is required for proper chromosome alignment during mitosis, relies on Haspin-dependent histone H3 phosphorylation and on Bub1-dependent histone H2A phosphorylation--which interacts with Borealin through a Shugoshin (Sgo) intermediate. We demonstrate that Mps1 stimula...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： van der Waal MS,Saurin AT,Vromans MJ,Vleugel M,Wurzenberger C,Gerlich DW,Medema RH,Kops GJ,Lens SM

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most solid human tumours are aneuploid, that is, they contain an abnormal number of chromosomes. Paradoxically, however, aneuploidy has been reported to induce a stress response that suppresses cellular proliferation in vitro. Here, we review the progress in our understanding of the causes and effects of aneuploidy in...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Holland AJ,Cleveland DW

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although Niban is highly expressed in human cancer cells, the cellular functions of Niban remain largely unknown. We demonstrate here that ultraviolet irradiation induces phosphorylation of Niban at S602 by AKT, which increases the association of Niban with nucleophosmin and disassociation of nucleophosmin from the MD...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Ji H,Ding Z,Hawke D,Xing D,Jiang BH,Mills GB,Lu Z

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HOIL-1L and its binding partner HOIP are essential components of the E3-ligase complex that generates linear ubiquitin (Ub) chains, which are critical regulators of NF-κB activation. Using crystallographic and mutational approaches, we characterize the unexpected structural basis for the specific interaction between t...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Yagi H,Ishimoto K,Hiromoto T,Fujita H,Mizushima T,Uekusa Y,Yagi-Utsumi M,Kurimoto E,Noda M,Uchiyama S,Tokunaga F,Iwai K,Kato K

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription is a complex process that integrates the state of the cell and its environment to generate adequate responses for cell fitness and survival. Recent microscopy experiments have been able to monitor transcription from single genes in individual cells. These observations have revealed two striking features:...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Lionnet T,Singer RH

更新日期：2012-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxic and oxidant stresses can coexist in biological systems, and oxidant stress has been proposed to activate hypoxia pathways through the inactivation of the 'oxygen-sensing' hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl and asparaginyl hydroxylases. Here, we show that despite reduced sensitivity to cellular hypoxia, the ...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Masson N,Singleton RS,Sekirnik R,Trudgian DC,Ambrose LJ,Miranda MX,Tian YM,Kessler BM,Schofield CJ,Ratcliffe PJ

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TOR is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that responds to nutrients, growth factors, the bioenergetic status of the cell and cellular stress to control growth, metabolism and ageing. A diverse group of small GTPases including Rheb, Rag, Rac1, RalA and Ryh1 play a variety of roles in the regulation of TOR. For exampl...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Durán RV,Hall MN

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Central to chemotaxis is the molecular mechanism by which cells exhibit directed movement in shallow gradients of a chemoattractant. We used Dictyostelium mutants to investigate the minimal requirements for chemotaxis, and identified a basal signalling module providing activation of Ras at the leading edge, which is s...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Kortholt A,Kataria R,Keizer-Gunnink I,Van Egmond WN,Khanna A,Van Haastert PJ

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One limitation for the study of chromosomal fragile sites is that they must be studied on metaphase spreads, after the breakage. We show here that bacterial lac operator (lacO) repeats are prone to spontaneous breakage, which when combined with a fluorescent lac repressor (lacR) has allowed us to track a fragile site ...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Jacome A,Fernandez-Capetillo O

更新日期：2011-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The second edition of the EMBO Spatial meeting took place in May 2011 in Engelberg, Switzerland. Although the work presented at the meeting covered a challengingly broad range of topics, it accomplished the rare goal of promoting interactions between cell biologists, neuroscientists, systems biologists and mathematici...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Tzlil S,Kuruvilla R

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein kinase D (PKD) mediates the actions of stimuli that promote diacylglycerol (DAG) biogenesis. By phosphorylating effectors that regulate transcription, fission and polarized transport of Golgi vesicles, as well as cell migration and survival after oxidative stress, PKDs substantially expand the range of physiol...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Fu Y,Rubin CS

更新日期：2011-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen/paracetamol-induced liver failure--which is induced by the binding of reactive metabolites to mitochondrial proteins and their disruption--is exacerbated by fasting. As fasting promotes SIRT3-mediated mitochondrial-protein deacetylation and acetaminophen metabolites bind to lysine residues, we investigat...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Lu Z,Bourdi M,Li JH,Aponte AM,Chen Y,Lombard DB,Gucek M,Pohl LR,Sack MN

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many human diseases owe their pathology, to some degree, to the erroneous conversion of proteins from their soluble state into fibrillar, β-structured aggregates, often referred to as amyloid fibrils. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer and spongiform encephalopathies, as well as type 2 diabetes and both loc...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Belli M,Ramazzotti M,Chiti F

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterium Bacillus subtilis produces the DNA integrity scanning protein (DisA), a checkpoint protein that delays sporulation in response to DNA damage. DisA scans the chromosome and pauses at sites of DNA lesions. Structural analysis showed that DisA synthesizes the small molecule cyclic diadenosine monophosphate ...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Oppenheimer-Shaanan Y,Wexselblatt E,Katzhendler J,Yavin E,Ben-Yehuda S

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila ovarian germline stem cells (GSCs) are maintained by the extracellular BMP2/4 orthologue Dpp, which is produced from the surrounding somatic niche. The Dpp signal has a short range; it induces a response in GSCs within the niche, but is rapidly extinguished in their progeny only one cell-diameter away. To e...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Harris RE,Ashe HL

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of the tight junction protein junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) has been linked to proliferation and tumour progression. However, a direct role for JAM-A in regulating proliferative processes has not been shown. By using complementary in vivo and in vitro approaches, we demonstrate that JAM-A restricts...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Nava P,Capaldo CT,Koch S,Kolegraff K,Rankin CR,Farkas AE,Feasel ME,Li L,Addis C,Parkos CA,Nusrat A

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several mechanisms have been proposed for the synthesis of substrate-linked ubiquitin chains. HECT ligases directly catalyse protein ubiquitination and have been found to non-covalently interact with ubiquitin. We report crystal structures of the Nedd4 HECT domain, alone and in complex with ubiquitin, which show a new...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Maspero E,Mari S,Valentini E,Musacchio A,Fish A,Pasqualato S,Polo S

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulated intramembrane proteolysis of the amyloid precursor-protein (APP) produces both a characterstic amyloid-β peptide that contributes to neuritic plaque formation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease and a small APP intracellular domain (AICD) that transcriptionally activates genes implicated in Alzheimer ...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Xu X,Zhou H,Boyer TG

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypoxic response in humans is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF), for which prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) act as oxygen-sensing components. The evolutionary origins of the HIF system have been previously unclear. We demonstrate a functional HIF system in the simplest animal, Trichoplax adhae...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Loenarz C,Coleman ML,Boleininger A,Schierwater B,Holland PW,Ratcliffe PJ,Schofield CJ

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first EMBO Conference on Experimental Approaches to Evolution and Ecology in Yeast was held in Heidelberg, Germany, at the end of September 2010. What might sound like a rather narrow topic actually covered a broad range of interests, approaches, and systems and generated a great deal of excitement among participa...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Dunham MJ,Louis EJ

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone demethylases-both lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and Jumonji-C (JmjC) domain-containing proteins-are broadly implicated in the regulation of chromatin-dependent processes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, histone marks directly affect DNA methylation, and mutations in LSD1 homologues show reduced DNA methylation...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Deleris A,Greenberg MV,Ausin I,Law RW,Moissiard G,Schubert D,Jacobsen SE

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The crucial role of ubiquitin signalling in genome-integrity maintenance was first recognized in 1987 by Stefan Jentsch and Alex Varshavsky, who showed that Rad6-the repair protein involved in DNA damage tolerance-is a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Although this discovery inspired extensive research and led to the dis...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Lukas J

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The function of protein phosphatase 1 nuclear-targeting subunit (PNUTS)--one of the most abundant nuclear-targeting subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1c)--remains largely uncharacterized. We show that PNUTS depletion by small interfering RNA activates a G2 checkpoint in unperturbed cells and prolongs G2 checkpoint ...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Landsverk HB,Mora-Bermúdez F,Landsverk OJ,Hasvold G,Naderi S,Bakke O,Ellenberg J,Collas P,Syljuåsen RG,Küntziger T

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The EMBO/EMBL symposium 'Human Variation: Cause and Consequence' highlighted advances in understanding the molecular basis of human genetic variation and its myriad implications for biology, human origins and disease. As high-throughput sequencing allows us to define genetic variation and its functional consequences a...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Knight JC

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA silencing is a complex of mechanisms that regulate gene expression through small RNA molecules. The microRNA (miRNA) pathway is the most common of these in mammals. Genome-encoded miRNAs suppress translation in a sequence-specific manner and facilitate shifts in gene expression during developmental transitions. He...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Svoboda P,Flemr M

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery that adult somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells by expressing a combination of factors associated with pluripotency holds immense promise for a wide range of biotechnological and therapeutic applications. However, some hurdles-such as improving the low reprogramming efficiencies and e...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Banito A,Gil J

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although many signal transduction pathways have been implicated in the development of human disease, the identification of pathway targets and the biological processes that mediate disease progression remains challenging. One such disease-related pathway is the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of tra...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Bina S,Wright VM,Fisher KH,Milo M,Zeidler MP

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ageing is an unavoidable corollary to being alive; the most intuitive interpretation of ageing being that it is the consequence of progressive body degeneration. In agreement with this, current models propose that ageing occurs through a stepwise accumulation of DNA damage, which ultimately limits the regenerative cap...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Fernandez-Capetillo O

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes chronic liver disease and affects an estimated 3% of the world's population. Options for the prevention or therapy of HCV infection are limited; there is no vaccine and the nonspecific, interferon-based treatments now in use are frequently ineffective and have significant side effects. A...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Ploss A,Rice CM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sister chromatid cohesion is the basis for the recognition of chromosomal DNA replication products for their bipolar segregation in mitosis. Fundamental to sister chromatid cohesion is the ring-shaped cohesin complex, which is loaded onto chromosomes long before the initiation of DNA replication and is thought to hold...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Uhlmann F

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies have shown that ribosomal proteins (RPs) are important mediators of p53 activation in response to nucleolar disruption; however, the pathways that control this signalling function of RPs are currently unknown. We have recently shown that RPs are targets for the ubiquitin-like molecule NEDD8, and that N...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Sundqvist A,Liu G,Mirsaliotis A,Xirodimas DP

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tumour suppressor ARF (alternative reading frame), which is mutated or silenced in various tumours, has a crucial role in tumour surveillance to suppress unwarranted cell growth and proliferation. ARF has also been linked to the DNA-damage-induced response of p53 because of its ability to inhibit murine double min...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Dominguez-Brauer C,Chen YJ,Brauer PM,Pimkina J,Raychaudhuri P

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Centromeric constitutive heterochromatin is marked by DNA methylation and dimethylated histone H3 Lys 9 (H3K9me2) in Arabidopsis. RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is a process that uses 24-nucleotide (nt) small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to induce de novo methylation to its homologous DNA sequences. Despite the pres...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Schoft VK,Chumak N,Mosiolek M,Slusarz L,Komnenovic V,Brownfield L,Twell D,Kakutani T,Tamaru H

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A previously uncharacterized putative ion channel, NALCN (sodium leak channel, non-selective), has been recently shown to be responsible for the tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant sodium leak current implicated in the regulation of neuronal excitability. Here, we show that NALCN encodes a current that is activated by M3 mus...

journal_title：EMBO reports

authors： Swayne LA,Mezghrani A,Varrault A,Chemin J,Bertrand G,Dalle S,Bourinet E,Lory P,Miller RJ,Nargeot J,Monteil A

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00